KEY WORDS IN THE UKRAINIAN PUBLIC DISCOURSE: STATISTICAL AND CULTURAL ASPECTS

←2019. – Vol. 15

Olena P. Levchenko
Doctor of Philology, Professor, Head of the Department of Applied Linguistic
Lviv Polytechnic National University

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17721/StudLing2019.15.140-154

FULL TEXT PDF (UKRAINIAN)

ABSTRACT

The paper focuses on the theoretical issues of linguacultural studies / cultural linguistics / ethnolinguistics. The methodological aspects of revealing key cultural concepts in general and words of the year in particular are viewed. The quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the words of the year, determined within the Ukrainian linguacultural space, are analysed. Such Ukrainian words of the year as EuroMaidan, cyborg, blockade, corruption, visa-free travel are under analysis. Conclusions are made concerning the main problems of linguacultural studies / cultural linguistics / ethnolinguistics, as well as approaches to the detection of key cultural concepts and words of the year. Thus, an application of the frequency criterion allows to create a list of candidates for evaluation by experts or public; the frequency of words of the year should be compared with the frequency of neologisms, which makes it possible to predict the limits of frequency, detect candidates for the word of a year, taking into account so called important parts of the texts, as well as appearance of such words within hashtags, verbal parts of mems, cartoons. Ukrainian data shows, that the frequency of such words usage does not always correlate with announcing them words of the year. Not all words of the year have derivative potential. The conceptual content of such words increases, they are used metaphorically and become components of transformed phraseological and other types of intertext units; they are used as proper names. Creation of the new synonymic and antonymic relations is the optional characteristics of the studied words of the year.

Key words: linguacultural studies, cultural linguistics, ethnolinguistics, key cultural concepts, word of the year, frequency.

REFERENCES

  1. Albul, Ol‘ga. “Ponjattja movna moda jak socio– j lingvokul‘turna kategorija [=Notion of language fashion as socio– and linguo–cultural category].” Mova i suspil‘stvo 1 (2010), s. 21-30.
  2. Bichaj, Julija. “«Modni» slova v suchasnij rosijs‘kij movi (na materiali tlumachnyh slovnykiv i movlennjevoï praktyky mas–media kincja HH — pochatku HHI st.)” [=“Modern” words in the current Russian language (on the material of explanatory dictionaries and the speech patterns of mass – media of the late XXth – early XXIst centuries).”]. Avtoreferat dysertaciï na zdobuttja naukovogo stupenja kandydata filologichnyh nauk. Dnipropetrovs’k, 2003 (In Ukr.).
  3. Vepreva, Irina. “Ob aktual‘noj lekseme Krymnash” [=About the actual token Krymnash]. Russkij jazyk i literatura v prostranstve mirovoj kul’tury: materialy 13 kongr. MAPRJaL (Granada, Ispanija, 13—20 sent. 2015 g.) 2 (2015), s. 31—35 (In Russ.).
  4. Vorkachev, Sergej. “Koncept Schast’ja: ponjatijnyj i obraznyj komponenty” [=The Concept of Happiness: the conceptual and figurative components]. Izvestija Akademii nauk 6 (2001), s. 47–58 (In Russ.).
  5. Zhajvoronok, Vitalij. “Znaky ukrai‘ns‘koi‘ etnokul‘tury: slovnyk–dovidnyk” [=“Signs of the Ukrainian Ethnoculture: Dictionary and handbook”]. Kyi‘v: Dovira, 2006. (In Ukr.).
  6. Zemskaja, Elena. “Aktivnye processy sovremennogo slovoproizvodstva” [=Active processes of contemporary word derivation]. Russkij jazyk konca HH stoletija (1985–1995) (1996). Moskva, s. 90–141 (In Russ.).
  7. Issers, Oksana. “V poiskah obshhego slovarja: diskursivnye praktiki novejshego vremeni cherez prizmu proektov «Slovo goda»” [=In Search of a Common Vocabulary: Contemporary Discursive Practices through the Prism of “Word of the Year” Projects]. Politicheskaja lingvistika 4.50 (2014), s. 48–53 (In Russ.).
  8. Issers, Oksana. “Ot ser’eznogo – do smeshnogo: igrovoj potencial rossijskogo slova goda” [=From Serious Stuff — To Funny Things: Language Pun Potential Of The Russian “Word Of The Year”]. Politicheskaja lingvistika 4 (2015), s. 25–31 (In Russ.).
  9. Levchenko, Olena. “Symvoly u frazeologichnyh systemah ukrai’ns’koi’ ta rosijs’koi’ mov: lingvokul’turologichnyj aspekt: dysertacija doktora filol. nauk.“ [=Symbols of Ukrainian and Russian phraseological Systems: the Linguacultural Aspect]. Kyi’v, 2007.
  10. Mustajoki Arto / Irina Vepreva. “Kakoe ono, modnoe slovo: k voprosu o parametrah jazykovoj mody” [=”Fashionable” words: parameters of linguistic fashion]. Russkij jazyk za rubezhom 2 (2006), s. 45–62 (In Russ.).
  11. Mustajoki Arto / Irina Vepreva. “Metajazykovoj portret modnyh slov” [=Metalinguistic portrait of fashionable words]. Komp’juternaja lingvistika i intellektual’nye tehnologii 14.1 (2015), s. 438–448 (In Russ.).
  12. Mustajoki, Arto / Harri Val’ter / Irina Vepreva. “Fenomen aktual’nogo slova 2015 goda” [=The phenomenon of the actual word of the year 2015]. Quaestio Rossica 4.3 (2016), s. 121-133 (In Russ.).
  13. Novikov, Vladimir. Slovar‘ modnyh slov [=The dictionary of buzzwords]. Moskva: Slovari XXI veka, 2005 (In Russ.).
  14. Novikov, Vladimir. Slovar’ modnyh slov: Jazykovaja kartina sovremennosti [=The dictionary of buzzwords: The linguistic picture of modernity]. Moskva, AST-Press, 2012 (In Russ.).
  15. Fomina, Zinaida. “Slova-hronofakty v jazyke politicheskih tekstov” [=Chrono-factual Words in the Language of Political Texts]. Jazyk i jemocii. Volgograd (1995), s. S. 207–215 (In Russ.).
  16. Harlamova, Tat‘jana. “Kljuchevye slova tekushhego momenta. Cil’noe gosudarstvo, sil’naja vlast’ na rubezhe vekov” [=“Keywords of the current moment. A strong state, strong power at the turn of the century. ”]. Problemy rechevoj kommunikacii 8 (2008), s. 138–144 (In Russ.).
  17. Coneva, Liljana. “Slovo goda «krymnash» v russkom mediadiskurse” [=Word of the year Krymnash (Crimea-is-ours) in the Russian Media Discourse]. Studia RussicoSlovaca. Ružomberok (2015), s. 30–38 (In Russ.).
  18. Chernikova, Natalija. “Aktual’nye koncepty i ih leksicheskie reprezentanty” [=Actual concepts and their lexical representatives]. Filologicheskie nauki 6 (2007), s. 71–80 (In Russ.).
  19. Shmeleva, Tat‘jana. “Kljuchevye slova tekushhego momenta” [=Keywords of the current moment]. Collegium 1 (1993), s. 33–41 (In Russ.).
  20. Shmeleva, Tat’jana. Krizis kak kljuchevoe slovo tekushhego momenta [=Krizis (Crisis) As The Key Word Of The Current Moment]. W: Politicheskaja lingvistika 2.28 (2009), s. 63–67 (In Russ.).
  21. Javors’ka, Galyna. “Gibrydna vijna jak dyskursyvnyj konstrukt” [=Hybrid war as discursive construct]. Strategichni priorytety. Serija: Polityka 4 (2016), s. 41-48 (In Ukr.).
  22. Alphateka, https://www.google.com: (12.3.2018).
  23. Głaz, Adam. “Lubelska etnolingwistyka kognitywna a anglojęzyczna lingwistyka kulturowa. Wybrane problemy”. Etnolingwistyka. Problemy Języka i Kultury 30 (2018), s. 231-257.
  24. GRAC – Shvedova, Maria, von Waldenfels, Ruprecht, Yarygin, Sergiy, Kruk, Mikhail, Rysin, Andriy, Starko, Vasyl, Woźniak, Michał (2017-2019): GRAC: General Regionally Annotated Corpus of Ukrainian. Electronic resource: Kyiv, Oslo, Jena. Available at uacorpus.org.
  25. Łaziński, Marek. “Słowo roku 2016 w Polsce i na świecie. Trybunał i pięćset plus w cieniu postprawdy”. tekst i dyskurs-text und diskurs 10 (2017), s. 245-262.
  26. Liu, Tsun-Jui / Shu-Kai Hsieh / Laurent Prévot. “Observing Features of PTT Neologisms: A Corpus-driven Study with N-gram Model”. Proceedings of the 25th Conference on Computational Linguistics and Speech Processing (ROCLING 2013) (2013), s. 250-259.
  27. Mjøs, Ole J. / Hallvard Moe / Vilde Schanke Sundet: “The functions of buzzwords: A comparison of ‘Web 2.0’and ‘telematics’”. First Monday 19.12. (2014) https://ojphi.org/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/4896/4181 (12.3.2018).
  28. Rak, Maciej. “Co to jest kulturem”. LingVaria X (2015), s. 305-316.